Relationship of quantitative structure and pharmacokinetics in fluoroquinolone antibacterials

Table 1 Pharmacokinetic data of fluoroquinolones from human studies

Compounds		PK parameters						References
		1AUC0-∞ (μg·h/mL)		1t1/2(h)		1Cmax (mg/L)
No.	Name	Range	Average	Range	Average	Range	Average
Training set
1	Amifloxacin	5.5-5.62	5.57	3.58-4.83	4.14	0.9-1.26	1.14	9, 10
2	Balofloxacin	8.55	8.55	7.8	7.8	1.08	1.08	11
3	Ciprofloxacin	2.12-3.53	2.56	3.01-4.7	4.16	0.4-0.69	0.56	12-15
4	Clinafloxacin	4.63-5.93	5.34	5.09-6.13	5.74	0.6-0.84	0.72	16-18
5	DW116	18.54-23.3	21.86	14.53-18.7	15.82	1.1-1.22	1.17	19
6	Enoxacin	2.9-5.47	4.36	2.35-4.98	3.54	0.62-0.81	0.66	20-22
7	Gatifloxacin	6.5-8.92	7.87	6.52-8.6	7.46	0.84-1.03	0.9	23-26
8	Gemifloxacin	2.79-3.43	3.02	5.87-8.2	6.65	0.46-0.73	0.56	27-29
9	Grepafloxacin	2.83-4.05	3.43	9.2-12.7	11.53	0.24-0.41	0.32	11, 12, 30, 31
10	Levofloxacin	8.96-9.5	9.33	6-7.4	6.78	0.16-0.3	0.24	32-34
11	Lomefloxacin	8.05-13.53	9.84	5.5-12.7	7.73	0.95-1.18	1.06	35-37
12	Norfloxacin	1.7-1.85	1.77	3.5-4.02	3.7	0.32-0.36	0.33	38-40
13	Ofloxacin	6.68-11.64	7.67	4.6-6.7	5.32	0.71-1.33	0.87	41-45
14	Pefloxacin	24.4-40.78	29.97	10.9-15.06	14.63	1.03-1.68	1.44	46-48
15	Rufloxacin	35.8-44.03	39.43	28.2-40	34.25	0.68-1.13	0.99	49-52
16	Sitafloxacin	5.62-6.02	5.88	4.6-7	5.4	0.9-0.93	0.92	53-54
17	Sparfloxacin	8.08-11.96	8.35	16.5-25.56	20.06	0.23-0.4	0.34	55-57
18	Temafloxacin	7.42-10.63	8.45	7.8-10.6	8.55	0.61-0.9	0.74	58-60
19	Trovafloxacin	9.75-14.47	11.91	7.8-10.8	9.66	0.97-1.5	1.23	61-63
Test set
20	Difloxacin	26.6-28.3	27.8	20.6-28.8	25.7	1.02-1.1	1.04	64
21	Fleroxacin	16.3-20.65	18.13	7.9-13	11.02	1.19-1.58	1.4	32, 65, 66
22	Tosufloxacin	1.49-3.3	2.62	3.6-4.85	4.02	0.21-0.4	0.34	67-69

¹AUC_0-∞ is area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity; t_1/2 is elimination half life; Cmax is maximum concentration of the drug in plasma.