A clinicopathological analysis in unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma: A report of 23 cases

Table 2 Diagnosis and treatment in 23 UGC cases

Indications	UGC	PDGC
Final diagnosis during operation	60.87% (14/23)
Final diagnosis after operation	39.13% (9/23)
Open cholecystectomy	0.41% (23/5582)
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy	0% (0/3225)
Imergency operation	13.04% (3/23)
Main misdiagnosis causes (n)
Hepatoma	2
Cholecystolithiasis	14
Adenoma	3
Cholecystolithiasis coexisted with adenoma	4
Special examination methods
USG (n)	16	14
CT (n)	1	2
MRI (n)	0	1
USG + CT (n)	3	12
USG + MRI (n)	2	3
USG + CT + MRI (n)	1	1
Laboratory examinations
Carcino-embryonic antigen (n)	1/2	0/10
Alpha-fetoprotein (n)	0/1	2/10
Alkali phosphatase (n)	0/0	2/4
γ-GT (n)	2/2	2/2
Lactate dehydrogenase (n)	0/0	1/1
5-nucleophosphatase (n)	0/0	1/1
Operations
Cholecystectomy (n)	17	11
Cholecystectomy + regional lymph clearing (n)	2	4
Combined with partial hepatectomy (n)	3	10
Combined with partial excision of extrahepatic bile duct (n)	1	2
Combined with excision of outer metastasis (n)	0	5 (2 cases proved nontumorous metastasis postop)
Exploratory laparotomy (n)	0	1
Adjunctive therapy
Postoperative radiotherapy (n)	0	3
Postoperative chemotherapy (n)	4	9
Treatment with TCM (n)	1	3
TACE with recrudescent tumor (n)	0	2