Prospective, randomized, and active controlled study of the efficacy of alginic acid and antacid in the treatment of patients with endoscopy-negative reflux disease

Table 4 The change in the severity of the reflux symptom

Population: intent-to-treat	Topaal (%)	Overall (%)	Nacid (%)	P-value
Heartburn				0.00191
Change from baseline
–1	4 (3.3)	1 (1.5)	3 (5.4)
0	28 (23.1)	8 (12.3)	20 (35.7)
1	42 (34.7)	21 (32.3)	21 (37.5)
2	30 (24.8)	23 (35.4)	7 (12.5)
3	17 (14.1)	12 (18.5)	5 ( 8.9)
Regurgitation				0.06251
Change from baseline
–1	2 (1.6)	1 (1.5)	1 ( 1.8)
0	30 (24.8)	12 (18.5)	18 (32.1)
1	42 (34.7)	21 (32.3)	21 (37.5)
2	36 (29.8)	21 (32.3)	15 (26.8)
3	11 ( 9.1)	10 (15.4)	1 (1.8)
Dysphagia				0.25591
Change from baseline
–1	4 (3.3)	2 (3.1)	2 (3.8)
0	90 (74.4)	50 (79.6)	40 (71.4)
1	16 (13.2)	5 ( 7.5)	11 ( 19.6)
2	10 ( 8.3)	7 (10.8)	3 ( 5.3)
3	1 ( 0.8)	1 ( 1.5)	0 ( 0.0)
Epigastric pain				0.25171
Change from baseline
–2	3 (2.5)	1 (1.5)	2 (3.8)
–1	4 ( 3.3)	3 ( 4.6)	1 ( 1.8)
0	57 (47.1)	30 (46.2)	27 (48.2)
1	33 (27.3)	15 ( 23.1)	18 ( 32.1)
2	19 (15.7)	11 (16.9)	8 ( 14.3)
3	5 (4.1)	5 (7.7)	0 ( 0.0)
Nausea				0.22101
Change from baseline
–1	1 (0.8)	0 (0.00%)	1 (1.8)
0	70 (57.9)	33 (50.8)	37 (66.1)
1	23 (19.0)	15 (23.1)	8 (14.3)
2	25 (20.7)	15 (23.1)	10 (17.9)
3	2 (1.7)	2 (3.1)	0 (0.0)
Vomiting				0.18881
Change from baseline
–1	1 (0.8)	0 (0.0)	1 (1.8)
0	100 (82.6)	50 (79.6)	50 (81.3)
1	9 (7.4)	6 (9.2)	3 ( 5.4)
2	9 (7.4)	7 (10.8)	2 ( 3.6)
3	2 (1.7)	2 (3.1)	0 ( 0.0)
Belching				0.03661
Change from baseline
–1	8 (6.6)	2 (3.1)	6 (10.7)
0	48 (39.7)	21 (32.3)	27 (48.2)
1	42 (34.7)	25 (38.5)	17 (30.4)
2	19 (15.7)	13 (20.0)	6 (10.7)
3	4 (3.3)	4 ( 6.2)	0 (0.0)

χ2 test.