Prospective, randomized, and active controlled study of the efficacy of alginic acid and antacid in the treatment of patients with endoscopy-negative reflux disease

Table 3 Summary of the changes in the VAS at 3 weeks (ITT population)

Unit: cm	Topaal (65)		Nacid (56)			P-value
	Mean	(SE)	Mean	(SE)	Difference
Heartburn
Observed data	2.98	0.37	4.43	0.4	–1.44	0.0091
Change from baseline	–4.52	0.31	–3.03	0.34	–1.49	0.0016
Regurgitation
Observed data	3.52	0.37	5.32	0.4	–1.80	0.0012
Change from baseline	–4.55	0.33	–2.84	0.36	–1.72	0.0006
Dysphagia
Observed data	0.65	0.27	1.25	0.29	–0.60	0.1326
Change from baseline	–0.97	0.19	–0.68	0.2	–0.28	0.3138
Epigastric pain
Observed data	2.08	0.42	3.88	0.45	–1.80	0.0039
Change from baseline	–2.93	0.33	–2.10	0.36	–0.84	0.0925
Nausea
Observed data	1.25	0.32	1.89	0.34	–0.65	0.1705
Change from baseline	–2.10	0.25	–1.51	0.27	–0.59	0.1137
Vomiting
Observed data	0.31	0.18	0.61	0.2	–0.30	0.2662
Change from baseline	–0.92	0.12	–0.55	0.13	–0.37	0.0373
Belching
Observed data	2.54	0.4	5.14	0.43	–2.60	＜0.0001
Change from baseline	–3.64	0.32	–1.40	0.34	–2.23	＜0.0001

ANCOVA model: Dependent variable = (baseline value) + treatment.