Emerging therapies in gastrointestinal cancers

Table 1 Selected ErbB-targeted monoclonal antibodies

Drug/agent	Type	Target	Company/institution	Stage of development
Trastuzumab (Herceptin)	Humanized mAb	ErbB-2	Genentech/Roche	Approved for ErbB-2 over expressing breast cancer in 1998
Cetuximab (Erbitux/IMC-225)	Human-mouse Chimeric mAb	EGFR	ImClone/Merck KGaA Bristol-Myers Squibb	Approved for colorectal cancer, Phase III trials ongoing for HNSCC and NSCLC in 2004
Panitumumab (ABX-EGF)	Fully Human mAb	EGFR	Abgenix	Phase III trials for renal cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal and NSCLC, esophageal cancer
Pertuzumab (Omnitarg/2C4)	Humanized mAb	ErbB-2	Genentech	Phase II trials for ovarian cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and NSCLC
Matuzumab (EMD-72000)	Humanized mAb	EGFR	Merck KGaA	Phase II trials ongoing for gynaecological cancer, pancreatic cancer and esophageal cancer
Thera CIM (hR3)	Humanized mAb	EGFR	YM Biosciences/CIM	Phase II trials for HNSCC
HuMab-Mouse (MDX-447)	Humanized mAb	EGFR	Medarex/Merck KGaA	Preclinical trials ongoing. Phase II trials ongoing for HNSCC
Mab 806	-	EGFR(del 2-7)/ EGFR vIII	Ludwig Institute	Preclinical trials ongoing.

EGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor; mAb: Monoclonal antibody; NSCLC: Non-small-cell lung cancer; HNSCC: Head and neck squamous-cell cancer.