Ursodeoxycholic acid improves gastrointestinal motility defects in gallstone patients

Table 3 Fasting and residual gallbladder volumes, and percent gallbladder emptying before and after ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and placebo administration in gallstone patients (n = 10) and healthy controls (n = 10)

	Basal	UDCA	Placebo	P2
Fasting Volume (mL):
Controls	18.8 (0.9)	22.9 (0.6)	19.1 (0.9)	0.001
Gallstones	23.5 (0.9)	26.2 (0.5)	24.1 (0.9)
P1	0.0001
Residual Volume (mL):
Controls	4.7 (0.8)	6.4 (0.7)	4.9 (0.7)	0.003
Gallstones	8.5 (0.3)	11.0 (1.0)	8.5 (0.2)
P1	0.0001
Gallbladder emptying (%)
Controls	76 (2.3)	71.9 (3.2)	74.5 (2.2)	0.066
Gallstones	63.8 (2.4)	59.5 (3.3)	61.6 (2.2)
P1	0.001

Repeated measures Analysis of Variance.

¹ From testing between controls and gallstone patients overall across all treatment; ² For testing the treatment effect (basal, UDCA, placebo).