DA-9601, a standardized extract of Artemisia asiatica, blocks TNF-α-induced IL-8 and CCL20 production by inhibiting p38 kinase and NF-κB pathways in human gastric epithelial cells

Figure 9 Hypothetical mechanism of action of DA-9601 on TNF-α-induced CCL20 expression in AGS cells. TNF-α induces activation of three MAPKs. Among three MAPKs, however, activation of p38 kinase involves in NF-κB signaling system. DA-9601 may inhibit NF-κB directly or indirectly through the inhibition of p38 kinase pathway. See text for discussion.