DA-9601, a standardized extract of Artemisia asiatica, blocks TNF-α-induced IL-8 and CCL20 production by inhibiting p38 kinase and NF-κB pathways in human gastric epithelial cells

Figure 1 TNF-α induces IL-8 and CCL20 secretion and mRNA accumulation in AGS cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. (A and C) AGS cells (5 x 10⁵/well) were treated for 16 h with the indicated concentrations of TNF-α (0-10 ng/mL). After incubation, the supernatants were collected, and the levels of IL-8 (A) and CCL20 (C) were determined by ELISA (top). At the same time, the cells were colleted and the expression of two chemokines was determined by RT-PCR (bottom). (B and D) AGS cells (5 x 10⁵/well) were treated with TNF-α (5 ng/mL) for the indicated time points (0-24 h). IL-8 and CCL20 secretion and mRNA accumulation were determined as described above. For ELISA, results are expressed as means ± SD of three independent experiments.