Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery of abdominal large visceral organs

Table 1 (HALS) operations and indicating diseases (26 cases)

Cases	Operations	Indicating diseases
1-2	Left lateral segmentectomy	Hepatitis B-related cirrhosis supervened hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), hepatic cavernous hemangioma
3	S 6 segmentectomy	Hepatitis B-related cirrhosis supervened HCC
4	S 5 and 6 segmentectomy	Hepatitis B-related cirrhosis supervened HCC
5	S 5, 6 and partial 4 segmentectomy + cholecystectomy	Hepatitis B-related cirrhosis supervened HCC
6	Partial S 4 segmentectomy	Hepatic cavernous hemangioma
7-11	Deroofing of the hepatic huge cysts	The 4, 6, 7, 8 segmental hepatic cysts; the 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 segmental hepatic cysts; the 5, 6, 7 segmental hepatic cysts (2); the 5, 6, 7 segmental hepatic cysts with calcification of cystic wall
12-15	Right hemicolectomy	Carcinoma of the ascending colon (3) 1Multiple diverticulosis of ascending colon with massive hemorrhage
16	Left hemicolectomy + partial jejunectomy	Carcinoma of the splenic flexure of colon with metastasizing to liver and jejunum,
17	Left hemicolectomy	2Carcinoma of the sigmoid with metastasizing to left ureter and common iliac artery
18-19	Ileocecectomy	1Carcinoma of the terminal ileum with ileus, multiple diverticulosis of the ileocecum and chronic appendicitis
20-21	Splenectomy	Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, carcinoma of pancreatic body and tail
22-25	Subtotal gastrectomy	Duodenal ulcer (2), gastric ulcer, gastric ulcer with massive hemorrhage
26	Half gastrectomy + cholecystectomy	Diverticulitis of duodenum and gall stone

¹ Emergency operation;

²Conversion to open operation.