Systemic phosphatidylcholine pretreatment protects canine esophageal mucosa during acute experimental biliary reflux

Figure 5 Photomicrographs of esophageal wall from groups 1- 4 (H&E staining). A: control group (saline treatment, original magnification x 224), B: bile treatment (epithelial damage and subepithelial edema, original magnification x 112), C: bile-treated group (significant leukocyte infiltration in the muscle layers and adventitia, original magnification x 112), D: bile + 7-NI treatment (extreme leukocyte infiltration in the adventitia, original magnification x 224), and E: bile + PC treatment (no significant change in the esophageal wall, original magnification x 56x; the arrow in the right upper corner shows the muscle layer of the same field (original magnification x 400); the interstitial capillaries are filled with PMNs, but only few extravasated PMNs are present).