Risk factors for immediate post-operative fatal recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 2 Univariate analysis of tumor and surgical factors for immediate post-operative diffuse intra-hepatic recurrence or multiple distant recurrence after curative resection of HCC

	Patients(%) or (mean ± SD)
	Fatal recurrence group	Control group	P
Tumor factors
Tumor size (cm)	10.1 ± 6.2	4.8 ± 3.2	0.00
Tumor growth pattern, Eg1/Ig2	36.7/63.3	7.9/92.1	0.00
Multiple tumors	60.0	28.5	0.01
Tumor capsule formation	66.7	81.4	NS
Tumor capsule infiltration	45.0	29.6	NS
Intra-tumor septum formation	6.7	6.7	NS
Gross vascular or duct invasion	23.3	6.2	0.01
Microvascular invasion	86.6	33.9	0.00
Glisson’s capsule invasion	70.0	29.8	0.00
Edmond–Steiner grade I, II/III, IV Surgical factors 3	47.4/52.6	40.7/59.3	NS
Anatomical resection	93.3	87.8	NS
Resection margin ≥ 1 cm	66.7	42.3	0.02

¹Expanding growth pattern;

²Infiltrative growth pattern;

³Data in each parameter showed less than 2% missing data rate, but there was 11.5% missing rate in the Edmond-Steiner grade.