Involvement of serum retinoids and Leiden mutation in patients with esophageal, gastric, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers in Hungary

Table 3 Changes of serum level of retinoids in patients with different gastrointestinal cancer

	Esophageal cancer	Gastric cancer	Hepatocellular cancer	Pancreatic cancer	Colorectal cancer	In situ colon cancer
Patients	8	21	15	10	44	9
Vitamin A	↓↓	↓↓	↓↓↓	NS	↓↓↓	↓↓↓
a-Carotene	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
b-Carotene	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
a-Cryptoxantin	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
b-Cryptoxantin	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Zeaxantin	↓↓	↓	↓↓↓	↓↓↓	↓↓↓	↓↓↓
Lutein	NS	NS	NS	↓↓	NS	NS

P values: between healthy controls vs each group; ↓= P<0.05 ↓↓= P<0.01 ↓↓↓= P<0.01.