Associations between &gamma;-glutamyl transferase, metabolic abnormalities and inflammation in healthy subjects from a population-based cohort: A possible implication for oxidative stress

doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i45.7109

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Dec 7, 2005; 11(45): 7109-7117
Published online Dec 7, 2005. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i45.7109

Table 2 Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the subjects with normal BMI and without any component of the metabolic syndrome, according to the tertile of liver enzyme concentrations (left); associations of the variables listed with liver enzyme levels, as a continuous variable, by unadjusted linear regression analyses (right)

	AST	1^st tertile ( ≤13 U/L)	2^nd tertile (>13 ≤17 U/L)	3^rd tertile (>17 U/L)	β; 95%CI
Number		67	69	69
Age (yr)		52.2±5.5	52.5±5.7	52.1±5.1	0.001;-0.16	0.16
Male (%)		22.4	34.8	42.0	0.8; -1.0	2.6
Alcoholics (%)		47.8	47.8	56.5	1.2; -0.5	2.9
Alcohol (g/day within drinkers)		15.5±9.1	13.8±9.0	18.5±9.1	0.05; -0.07	0.18
Ever smokers (%)		47.8	39.1	44.9	-0.63;-2.35	1.09
BMI (kg/m²)		21.8±2.0	22.1±1.9	22.1±2.1	0.07;-0.35	0.49
Waist (cm)		76.3±8.1	78.4±7.8	75.3±5.6	0.08;-0.02	0.18
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)		117.4±7.7	116.7±7.4	116.6±9.1	-0.05;-0.15	0.05
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)		74.9±6.0	75.1±5.8	75.3±5.6	-0.01;-0.16	0.14
Uric acid (mmol/L)		154.6±47.6	160.6±41.6	172.5±53.5	0.014;-0.004	0.03
Insulin (pmol/L)		6.0 (0.6-49.2)	9.6 (1.2-108.6)	9.0 (3.0-72.0)	0.41;-0.90	1.72
HOMA insulin resistance (mU/mL´mmol/L)		0.25 (0.02-2.08)	0.34 (0.05-5.40)	0.30 (0.10-2.28)	0.48;-0.85	1.81
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)		5.1±0.4	5.1±0.5	5.2±0.7	0.84;-0.68	2.36
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)		1.8±0.3	1.7±0.4	1.8±0.3	1.73;-0.73	4.19
Triglycerides (mmol/L)		1.0 (0.5-1.7)	1.1 (0.6-1.7)	1.0 (0.4-1.7)	-0.48;-3.65	2.69
Hs-CRP (mg/L)		0.80 (0.10-20.0)	0.60 (0.20-12.6)	0.70 (0.20-8.90)	-0.16;-0.96	0.64
	ALT	1^st tertile ( ≤12 U/L)	2^nd tertile (>12 ≤17 U/L)	3^rd tertile (>17 U/L)	β; 95%CI
Number		66	67	72
Age (yr)		51.9±5.5	52.3±5.4	52.6±5.5	-0.04; -0.29	0.21
Male (%)		15.1	35.8	47.2	4.43; 1.57	7.29
Alcoholics (%)		45.4	50.7	55.6	2.02; -0.72	4.76
Alcohol (g/day within drinkers)		14.8±9.3	16.7±9.1	16.6±9.4	0.03; -0.2	0.26
Ever smokers (%)		47.0	46.3	38.9	-1.10; -3.86	1.66
BMI (kg/m²)		21.8±2.1	21.5±2.1	22.6±1.7	0.55; -0.13	1.23
Waist (cm)		76.8±7.2	75.4±8.8	81.2±7.3	0.23; 0.07	0.39
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)		115.2±9.0	117.4±6.3	117.9±8.4	0.09; -0.08	0.26
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)		75.3±6.3	74.0±5.3	75.9±5.7	0.15; -0.08	0.38
Uric acid (mmol/L)		154.6±41.6	160.6±53.5	172.5±47.6	0.035; 0.008	0.06
Insulin (pmol/L)		7.5 (0.6-108.6)	9.6 (2.4-49.2)	8.4 (1.2-72.0)	1.24; -0.88	3.36
HOMA insulin resistance (mU/mL´mmol/L)		0.29 (0.02-5.40)	0.34 (0.09-2.08)	0.30 (0.05-2.56)	1.41; -0.73	3.54
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)		5.2±0.6	5.0±0.5	5.2±0.6	1.43; -1.02	3.88
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)		1.8±0.3	1.7±0.4	1.7±0.4	-2.07; -6.05	1.91
Triglycerides (mmol/L)		0.9 (0.5-1.7)	1.0 (0.4-1.5)	1.0 (0.4-1.7)	0.91; -4.22	6.04
Hs-CRP (mg/L)		0.80 (0.10-20.0)	0.50 (0.20-17.8)	0.95 (0.20-12.6)	1.15; -0.12	2.42
	GGT	1^st tertile ( ≤10 U/L)	2^nd tertile (>10 ≤16 U/L)	3^rd tertile (>16 U/L)	β; 95%CI
Number		68	71	66
Age (yr)		51.7±5.2	52.3±5.6	52.8±5.5	0.009; -0.008	0.026
Male (%)		17.6	29.6	53.0	0.48; 0.29	0.66
Alcoholics (%)		36.8	54.9	60.6	0.24; 0.06	0.42
Alcohol (g/day within drinkers)		11.2±7.9	16.6±8.6	18.6±9.6	0.012; -0.002	0.026
Ever smokers (%)		35.3	45.1	51.5	0.14; -0.05	0.33
BMI (kg/m²)		21.7±1.9	22.0±2.0	22.3±2.1	0.034; -0.012	0.08
Waist (cm)		76.4±7.2	76.4±8.6	81.1±7.7	0.19; 0.18	0.20
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)		116.0±9.0	117.3±6.3	117.4±8.7	0.008;-0.004	0.02
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)		74.6±6.3	74.9±5.7	75.8±5.4	0.012;-0.004	0.03
Uric acid (mmol/L)		148.7±35.7	166.5±41.6	178.4±59.5	0.004; 0.002	0.006
Insulin (pmol/L)		9.6 (3.0-72.0)	9.0 (0.6-63.6)	8.4 (1.2-108.6)	0.004;-0.14	0.14
HOMA insulin resistance (mU/mL´mmol/L)		0.34 (0.10-2.28)	0.30 (0.02-2.56)	0.30 (0.04-5.40)	0.047; -0.09	0.18
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)		4.8±0.4	5.1±0.5	5.5±0.5	0.35; 0.19	0.51
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)		1.8±0.3	1.7±0.3	1.7±0.4	-0.12; -0.39	0.15
Triglycerides (mmol/L)		0.9 (0.4-1.5)	1.0 (0.4-1.7)	1.1 (0.7-1.7)	0.52; 0.19	0.85
Hs-CRP (mg/L)		0.50 (0.20-8.30)	0.80 (0.10-8.90)	0.95 (0.20-20.0)	0.21; 0.13	0.29

Median (range) is reported for not-normally distributed variables; their log-transformed values and log-GGT values are used in the analyses.

Citation: Bo S, Gambino R, Durazzo M, Guidi S, Tiozzo E, Ghione F, Gentile L, Cassader M, Pagano GF. Associations between γ-glutamyl transferase, metabolic abnormalities and inflammation in healthy subjects from a population-based cohort: A possible implication for oxidative stress. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11(45): 7109-7117
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v11/i45/7109.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v11.i45.7109