Serum leptin levels and insulin resistance are associated with gallstone disease in overweight subjects

Table 2 Comparison of variables between cases and controls, stratified by BMI

Variable	BMI <30				P1	BMI ≥30				P1
	Cases n = 72		Controls n = 153			Cases n = 25		Controls n = 37
	No	%	No	%	No	%	No	%
Gender (male)	42	58.3	89	58.2	1.0	13	52.0	22	59.5	0.61
Age >50 yr	38	52.8	69	45.1	0.32	13	52.0	21	56.8	0.80
Leptin ≥9.78 ng/mL	37	51.4	61	39.9	0.11	16	64.0	30	81.1	0.15
Leptin					0.042					0.252
Tercile1<7.67 ng/mL	22	30.6	64	41.8		5	20.0	4	10.8
Tercile27.62.4 ng/mL	25	34.7	54		35		3 7	28.0	9	24.3
Tercile3>12.4 ng/mL	25	34.7	35	22.9		13	52.0	24	64.9
Insulin≥20μU/mL	9	12.5	0	0	<0.0001	4	16.0	12	32.4	0.24
HOMA-IR (>2.5)	29	40.3	42	27.5	0.07	15	60	24	64.9	0.79
T-chol≥6.21 mmol/L	19	26.4	45	29.4	0.75	6	24.0	6	16.2	0.52
LDL≥4.14 mmol/L3	19	27.1	40	26.7	1.0	5	21.7	7	18.9	1
HDL<1.03 mmol/L	27	37.5	50	32.7	0.55	8	32.0	13	35.1	1
NHDL ≥4.91 mmol/L	20	27.8	43	28.1	1.0	5	20.0	7	18.9	1
TGC ≥1.70 mmol/L	32	44.4	62	40.5	0.66	17	68.0	14	37.8	0.04

¹F exact test.

²χ² for linear trend. 3Five missing values for cases and 2 for controls. BMI, body mass index; T-chol, total cholesterol; LDL, low-density cholesterol; HDL, high density cholesterol; NHDL, non-HDL cholesterol; TGC, triglycerides