Functional and morphological changes of the gut barrier during the restitution process after hemorrhagic shock

Figure 2 Electron microscopic examination of ileum following ischemia-reperfusion injury after resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock. The apoptosis and necrosis were main manifestation in the intestinal mucosal injury. A: Many enterocytes show compaction and segregation of chromatin against the nuclear envelope, but still preserve mcrovilli and intact mitochondria; B: Showing the appearance of membrane blebs which cause detachment from the basement membrane; C: Some enterocytes show the swelling of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, scarce and lodging microvilli; D: the opening of tight junction among the cells. Original magnification: ×2 500 (A, B), ×4 000 (C,D).