No association of the matrix metalloproteinase 1 promoter polymorphism with susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma in northern China

Table 1 Characteristics of ESCC, GCA patients, and healthy individuals.

Groups	Control n (%)	ESCCn (%)	P1	GCA n (%)	P1
Sex
Male	229 (65.4)	169 (72.2)	0.08	134 (73.2)	0.07
Female	121 (34.6)	65 (27.8)		49 (26.8)
Mean age	51.7 (10.7)	54.1 (10.2)	0.061	55.0 (10.5)	0.062
in yr (SD)
Smoking status3
Ex-or current
smoker	120 (42.9)	96 (50.5)	0.10	92 (55.4)	0.015
Non-smoker	160 (57.1)	94 (49.5)		74 (44.6)
Family history of UGIC4
Positive	6 (4.7)	56 (30.4)	<0.00016	62 (39.7)	<0.00016
Negative	123 (95.3)	128 (69.6)		96 (60.3)
MMP-1 SNP genotype
2G/2G	194 (55.4)	130 (55.6)	0.611	12 (61.2)	0.35
1G/2G	105 (30.0)	76 (32.5)		51 (27.3)
1G/1G	51 (14.6)	28 (11.9)		20 (10.9)
MMP-1 SNP allelotype
2G	493 (70.4)	336 (71.8)	0.61	275(75.1)	0.10
1G	207 (29.6)	132 (28.2)		91 (24.9)

ESCC: esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; GCA: gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma; UGIC: upper gastrointestinal cancer.

¹P value for χ² test;

²P value for t test; ^3,4information of smoking status and family history was available from a subset of subjects;

⁵smoking significantly increased the risk for GCA development (the age and sex adjusted OR = 1.64, 95%CI = 1.12-2.38);

⁶positive family history of UGIC significantly increased the risk of developing ESCC (the age and sex adjusted OR = 7.89, 95%CI = 3.25-15.49) and GCA (the age and sex adjusted OR = 13.24, 95%CI = 5.98-26.40).