Different cell kinetic changes in rat stomach cancer after treatment with celecoxib or indomethacin: Implications on chemoprevention

Figure 2 Effects of celecoxib/indomethacin treatment on gastric cell apoptosis and proliferation. A: Effects of celecoxib/indomethacin treatment on gastric cell apoptosis. The mean apoptotic index with standard error was shown. The apoptotic indexes were significantly higher in MNNG-induced tumor than in untreated control (P = 0.001). Moreover, the levels of apoptosis were significantly different among tumors (T), their adjacent non-tumor tissues (NT) and normal tissues from non-tumor rats (N) in all treatment groups (^aP<0.005, ANOVA). Treatment with celecoxib was associated with a higher apoptotic index in tumors (P<0.05, ANOVA) and their adjacent non-tumor tissues (P = 0.003, ANOVA). There appeared to be a dose-dependent increase in apoptotic index in celecoxib-treated tumors when compared to tumors treated with MNNG alone, but there was no significant increase in apoptotic index in indomethacin-treated tumors; B: The mean proliferation indexes with standard error. There were significant differences in the proliferation indexes among tumors (P≤0.001, ANOVA) and their adjacent normal gastric tissues (P = 0.01, ANOVA). Specifically, tumors in MNNG group had the highest proliferation index than other treatment groups (group B vs all other groups, P<0.003).