1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 prevents DNA damage and restores antioxidant enzymes in rat hepatocarcinogenesis induced by diethylnitrosamine and promoted by phenobarbital

Table 8 Changes in activity of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitro benzene (CDNB) conjugated (μmol CDNB conjugated/mg protein/mL) hepatic cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) in different groups of rats treated with 1α, 25(OH)₂D₃ during DEN induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis promoted by phenobarbital (mean ± SE, n = 5)

Groups	Nodules	Surrounding	Control
A	2.52 ± 0.23b	1.54 ± 0.23c	0.9 ± 0.10
C	1.45 ± 0.27a	1.24 ± 0.11	1.12 ± 0.13
E	1.76 ± 0.29	1.48 ± 0.19	1.10 ± 0.11

Statistical level of significance by using Dunnett’s t-test.

^bP < 0.01,

^cP < 0.05 compared with control.

^aP < 0.05 compared with group A.