1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 prevents DNA damage and restores antioxidant enzymes in rat hepatocarcinogenesis induced by diethylnitrosamine and promoted by phenobarbital

Table 6 Changes in total hepatic lipid peroxidation (nmol MDA/100 mg protein) level in different groups of rats treated with 1α, 25(OH)₂D₃ during DEN induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis promoted by phenobarbital (mean ± SE, n = 5)

Groups	Nodules	Surrounding	Control
A	18.72 ± 1.59b	17.4 ± 1.34d	2.44 ± 0.84
C	8.80 ± 1.02a	7.6 ± 0.88	3.16 ± 0.94
E	13.16 ± 1.23	12.32 ± 1.03	2.8 ± 0.79

Statistical level of significance by using Dunnett’s t-test.

^bP < 0.01,

^dP < 0.01 compared with control;

^aP < 0.05 compared with group A.