4-hydroxy-2, 3-nonenal activates activator protein-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinases in rat pancreatic stellate cells

Figure 4 HNE increased AP-1, but not NF-κB, -dependent transcriptional activity. A: PSCs were transfected with the lu-ciferase vectors (2 X AP-1 or 2 X NF-κB) along with pRL-TK vector as an internal control. After 24 h, the transfected cells were treated with IL-1β (at 2 ng/mL) or HNE (at 1 μmol/L ). After another 24-h incubation, intracellular luciferase activities were determined. The data represent mean mean ± SD, calcu-lated from three independent experiments as fold induction compared with the activity observed in control (serum-free medium only, “Con”). ^bP < 0.01 vs control. RLU: relative light units. B: PSCs were treated with IL-1β (at 2 ng/mL) or HNE (at 1 μmol/L) in serum-free medium for the indicated times. Total cell lysates were prepared, and the level of IκB-α was deter-mined by Western blotting.