4-hydroxy-2, 3-nonenal activates activator protein-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinases in rat pancreatic stellate cells

Figure 3 PSCs were treated with IL-1β (at 2 ng/mL, lane 2) or HNE (at 5 μmol/L, lane 4) in serum-free medium for 1 h. Nuclear extracts were prepared and subjected to electro-phoretic mobility shift assay using AP-1 (panel A) or NF-κB (panel B) oligonucleotide probes. Arrows denote specific in-ducible complexes competitive with cold double-stranded oli-gonucleotide probes (lane 3). Lane 1: control (serum-free medium only). □: free probe.