Clinical significance of programmed cell death-ligand expression in small bowel adenocarcinoma is determined by the tumor microenvironment

Figure 1 Immunohistochemical localization of programmed cell death-ligand 1 and programmed cell death-ligand 2 in small bowel adenocarcinoma. Magnification 400×. A: T-programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression was membranous and cytoplasmic; B: I-programmed cell death-ligand 1 (I-PD-L1) was positive in peritumoral lymphocytes and macrophages; C: The predominant pattern of T-programmed cell death-ligand 2 expression was in the apical membrane; D: I-programmed cell death-ligand 2 expression was positive in peritumoral lymphocytes and macrophages, similar to that of I-PD-L1.

Figure 2 Immunohistochemical localization of CD8 and FoxP3 in small bowel adenocarcinoma. A: CD8+ T cells in the intratumoral stroma; B: CD8+ T cells in the tumor-surrounding stroma; C: FoxP3+ T cells in the intratumoral stroma; D: FoxP3+ T cells in tumor-surrounding stroma. Magnification 400 ×.

Figure 3 Kaplan–Meier analysis of cancer-specific survival according to programmed cell death-ligand 1 and programmed cell death-ligand 2 expressions in small bowel adenocarcinoma evaluated by log-rank tests. A: Survival based on I-programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression in overall cases; B: Survival based on I-programmed cell death-ligand 2 expression in overall cases. I-PD-L1: I-programmed cell death-ligand 1; I-PD-L2: I-programmed cell death-ligand 2.

Figure 4 Kaplan–Meier analysis of cancer-specific survival according to CD8+ and FoxP3+ T cell counts in small bowel adenocarcinoma evaluated by log-rank tests. A: Survival based on CD8+ T cell counts in overall cases; B: Survival based on FoxP3+ T cell counts in overall cases; C: Survival based on FoxP3+/CD8+ T cell counts in overall cases.

Figure 5 Kaplan–Meier analysis of cancer-specific survival according to PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression in small bowel adenocarcinoma patients with FoxP3/CD8-low tumors. A: Survival based on PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) among patients in the FoxP3/CD8-low group; B: Survival based on PD-L2 CPS among patients in the FoxP3/CD8-low group.